A Tale of Three Cities: OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster

G. Beccari; M.G. Petr-Gotzens; H.M.J. Boffin; M. Romaniello; D. Fedele; G. Carraro; G. De Marchi; W.J. de Wit; J. E. Drew; V. M. Kalari; Carlo Felice Manara; Eduardo L. Martin; S. Mieske; N. Panagia; L. Testi; Jorick S. Vink; J. R. Walsh; N. J. Wright

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201730432

A Tale of Three Cities: OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster

G. Beccari, M.G. Petr-Gotzens, H.M.J. Boffin, M. Romaniello, D. Fedele, G. Carraro, G. De Marchi, W.J. de Wit, J. E. Drew, V. M. Kalari, Carlo Felice Manara, Eduardo L. Martin, S. Mieske, N. Panagia, L. Testi, Jorick S. Vink, J. R. Walsh, N. J. Wright

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Abstract

As part of the Accretion Discs in H$\alpha$ with OmegaCAM (ADHOC) survey, we imaged in r, i and H-alpha a region of 12x8 square degrees around the Orion Nebula Cluster. Thanks to the high-quality photometry obtained, we discovered three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram. The populations are all concentrated towards the cluster's center. Although several explanations can be invoked to explain these sequences we are left with two competitive, but intriguing, scenarios: a population of unresolved binaries with an exotic mass ratio distribution or three populations with different ages. Independent high-resolution spectroscopy supports the presence of discrete episodes of star formation, each separated by about a million years. The stars from the two putative youngest populations rotate faster than the older ones, in agreement with the evolution of stellar rotation observed in pre-main sequence stars younger than 4 Myr in several star forming regions. Whatever the final explanation, our results prompt for a revised look at the formation mode and early evolution of stars in clusters.

Original language	English
Article number	A22
Number of pages	8
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	604
Issue number	A&A
Early online date	27 Jul 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730432
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 27 Jul 2017

Keywords

astro-ph.SR
astro-ph.GA

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10.1051/0004-6361/201730432

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Beccari, G., Petr-Gotzens, M. G., Boffin, H. M. J., Romaniello, M., Fedele, D., Carraro, G., Marchi, G. D., de Wit, W. J., Drew, J. E., Kalari, V. M., Manara, C. F., Martin, E. L., Mieske, S., Panagia, N., Testi, L., Vink, J. S., Walsh, J. R., & Wright, N. J. (2017). A Tale of Three Cities: OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 604(A&A), Article A22. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730432

@article{404071a77f61489fbcd5d28a80b2accf,

title = "A Tale of Three Cities: OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster",

abstract = "As part of the Accretion Discs in H$\alpha$ with OmegaCAM (ADHOC) survey, we imaged in r, i and H-alpha a region of 12x8 square degrees around the Orion Nebula Cluster. Thanks to the high-quality photometry obtained, we discovered three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram. The populations are all concentrated towards the cluster's center. Although several explanations can be invoked to explain these sequences we are left with two competitive, but intriguing, scenarios: a population of unresolved binaries with an exotic mass ratio distribution or three populations with different ages. Independent high-resolution spectroscopy supports the presence of discrete episodes of star formation, each separated by about a million years. The stars from the two putative youngest populations rotate faster than the older ones, in agreement with the evolution of stellar rotation observed in pre-main sequence stars younger than 4 Myr in several star forming regions. Whatever the final explanation, our results prompt for a revised look at the formation mode and early evolution of stars in clusters.",

keywords = "astro-ph.SR, astro-ph.GA",

author = "G. Beccari and M.G. Petr-Gotzens and H.M.J. Boffin and M. Romaniello and D. Fedele and G. Carraro and Marchi, {G. De} and {de Wit}, W.J. and Drew, {J. E.} and Kalari, {V. M.} and Manara, {Carlo Felice} and Martin, {Eduardo L.} and S. Mieske and N. Panagia and L. Testi and Vink, {Jorick S.} and Walsh, {J. R.} and Wright, {N. J.}",

note = "Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, {\textcopyright} 2017 ESO. Published by EDP Sciences. ",

year = "2017",

month = jul,

day = "27",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201730432",

language = "English",

volume = "604",

journal = "Astronomy & Astrophysics",

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Beccari, G, Petr-Gotzens, MG, Boffin, HMJ, Romaniello, M, Fedele, D, Carraro, G, Marchi, GD, de Wit, WJ, Drew, JE, Kalari, VM, Manara, CF, Martin, EL, Mieske, S, Panagia, N, Testi, L, Vink, JS, Walsh, JR & Wright, NJ 2017, 'A Tale of Three Cities: OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster', Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 604, no. A&A, A22. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730432

TY - JOUR

T1 - A Tale of Three Cities

T2 - OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster

AU - Beccari, G.

AU - Petr-Gotzens, M.G.

AU - Boffin, H.M.J.

AU - Romaniello, M.

AU - Fedele, D.

AU - Carraro, G.

AU - Marchi, G. De

AU - de Wit, W.J.

AU - Drew, J. E.

AU - Kalari, V. M.

AU - Manara, Carlo Felice

AU - Martin, Eduardo L.

AU - Mieske, S.

AU - Panagia, N.

AU - Testi, L.

AU - Vink, Jorick S.

AU - Walsh, J. R.

AU - Wright, N. J.

PY - 2017/7/27

Y1 - 2017/7/27

N2 - As part of the Accretion Discs in H$\alpha$ with OmegaCAM (ADHOC) survey, we imaged in r, i and H-alpha a region of 12x8 square degrees around the Orion Nebula Cluster. Thanks to the high-quality photometry obtained, we discovered three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram. The populations are all concentrated towards the cluster's center. Although several explanations can be invoked to explain these sequences we are left with two competitive, but intriguing, scenarios: a population of unresolved binaries with an exotic mass ratio distribution or three populations with different ages. Independent high-resolution spectroscopy supports the presence of discrete episodes of star formation, each separated by about a million years. The stars from the two putative youngest populations rotate faster than the older ones, in agreement with the evolution of stellar rotation observed in pre-main sequence stars younger than 4 Myr in several star forming regions. Whatever the final explanation, our results prompt for a revised look at the formation mode and early evolution of stars in clusters.

AB - As part of the Accretion Discs in H$\alpha$ with OmegaCAM (ADHOC) survey, we imaged in r, i and H-alpha a region of 12x8 square degrees around the Orion Nebula Cluster. Thanks to the high-quality photometry obtained, we discovered three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram. The populations are all concentrated towards the cluster's center. Although several explanations can be invoked to explain these sequences we are left with two competitive, but intriguing, scenarios: a population of unresolved binaries with an exotic mass ratio distribution or three populations with different ages. Independent high-resolution spectroscopy supports the presence of discrete episodes of star formation, each separated by about a million years. The stars from the two putative youngest populations rotate faster than the older ones, in agreement with the evolution of stellar rotation observed in pre-main sequence stars younger than 4 Myr in several star forming regions. Whatever the final explanation, our results prompt for a revised look at the formation mode and early evolution of stars in clusters.

KW - astro-ph.SR

KW - astro-ph.GA

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201730432

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201730432

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 604

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

IS - A&A

M1 - A22

ER -

A Tale of Three Cities: OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster

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Keywords

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