Clustering of adherence to personalised dietary recommendations and changes in healthy eating index within the Food4Me study

Katherine M Livingstone, Carlos Celis-Morales, Jose Lara, Clara Woolhead, Clare B O'Donovan, Hannah Forster, Cyril Fm Marsaux, Anna L Macready, Rosalind Fallaize, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Rodrigo San-Cristobal, Silvia Kolossa, Lydia Tsirigoti, Christina P Lambrinou, George Moschonis, Agnieszka Surwiłło, Christian A Drevon, Yannis Manios, Iwona Traczyk, Eileen R GibneyLorraine Brennan, Marianne C Walsh, Julie A Lovegrove, J Alfredo Martinez, Wim Hm Saris, Hannelore Daniel, Mike Gibney, John C Mathers

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To characterise clusters of individuals based on adherence to dietary recommendations and to determine whether changes in Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores in response to a personalised nutrition (PN) intervention varied between clusters.

DESIGN: Food4Me study participants were clustered according to whether their baseline dietary intakes met European dietary recommendations. Changes in HEI scores between baseline and month 6 were compared between clusters and stratified by whether individuals received generalised or PN advice.

SETTING: Pan-European, Internet-based, 6-month randomised controlled trial.

SUBJECTS: Adults aged 18-79 years (n 1480).

RESULTS: Individuals in cluster 1 (C1) met all recommended intakes except for red meat, those in cluster 2 (C2) met two recommendations, and those in cluster 3 (C3) and cluster 4 (C4) met one recommendation each. C1 had higher intakes of white fish, beans and lentils and low-fat dairy products and lower percentage energy intake from SFA (P<0·05). C2 consumed less chips and pizza and fried foods than C3 and C4 (P<0·05). C1 were lighter, had lower BMI and waist circumference than C3 and were more physically active than C4 (P<0·05). More individuals in C4 were smokers and wanted to lose weight than in C1 (P<0·05). Individuals who received PN advice in C4 reported greater improvements in HEI compared with C3 and C1 (P<0·05).

CONCLUSIONS: The cluster where the fewest recommendations were met (C4) reported greater improvements in HEI following a 6-month trial of PN whereas there was no difference between clusters for those randomised to the Control, non-personalised dietary intervention.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1-10
Number of pages10
JournalPublic Health Nutrition
Early online date8 Aug 2016
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Dec 2016

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