TY - JOUR
T1 - Functional Neurologic Disorders, disorders to be managed by neurologists, or are neurologists wandering in a dangerous field with inadequate resources?
AU - Onofrj, Marco
AU - Ajdinaj, Paola
AU - Digiovanni, Anna
AU - Malek, Naveed
AU - Martinotti, Giovanni
AU - Ferro, Filippo Maria
AU - Russo, Mirella
AU - Thomas, Astrid
AU - Sensi, Stefano Luca
N1 - © 2023 Onofrj, Ajdinaj, Digiovanni, Malek, Martinotti, Ferro, Russo, Thomas and Sensi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
PY - 2023/3/17
Y1 - 2023/3/17
N2 - In recent years, some neurologists reconsidered their approach to Medically Unexplained Symptoms and proposed Functional Neurologic Disorders (FND) as a new entity, claiming that neurology could offer alternative treatment options to the psychotherapies provided in psychiatry settings. FNDs, for this purpose, should include only the disorders listed as Conversion from the Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders (SSRD) group. The present review analyzes the rationale of this position and challenges the arguments provided for its support. The review also discusses the systematization of these disorders as provided by public health systems. It outlines risks stemming from economic support and public funding uncertainty, given their negligible epidemiological dimensions resulting from the parcellation of SSRD. The review underlines the unresolved issue of Factitious Disorders, which are in the same SSRD category of the international classification but are, nonetheless, overlooked by the theoretical proponents of the FND entity. Comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders is also analyzed. We propose a model that supports the continuum between different SSRD conditions, including Factitious Disorders. The model is based on the emergence of feigned death reflex and deception from frontal lobe dysfunction. Finally, the paper summarizes the wealth of historical psychiatric and psychodynamic approaches and critical reviews. The study also puts in context the categorization and interpretation efforts provided by the most eminent researchers of the past century.
AB - In recent years, some neurologists reconsidered their approach to Medically Unexplained Symptoms and proposed Functional Neurologic Disorders (FND) as a new entity, claiming that neurology could offer alternative treatment options to the psychotherapies provided in psychiatry settings. FNDs, for this purpose, should include only the disorders listed as Conversion from the Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders (SSRD) group. The present review analyzes the rationale of this position and challenges the arguments provided for its support. The review also discusses the systematization of these disorders as provided by public health systems. It outlines risks stemming from economic support and public funding uncertainty, given their negligible epidemiological dimensions resulting from the parcellation of SSRD. The review underlines the unresolved issue of Factitious Disorders, which are in the same SSRD category of the international classification but are, nonetheless, overlooked by the theoretical proponents of the FND entity. Comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders is also analyzed. We propose a model that supports the continuum between different SSRD conditions, including Factitious Disorders. The model is based on the emergence of feigned death reflex and deception from frontal lobe dysfunction. Finally, the paper summarizes the wealth of historical psychiatric and psychodynamic approaches and critical reviews. The study also puts in context the categorization and interpretation efforts provided by the most eminent researchers of the past century.
KW - Psychiatry
KW - somatic symptom and related disorders
KW - factitious disorder
KW - utilization behavior
KW - deception
KW - hysteria
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152562324&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1120981
DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1120981
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37009111
SN - 1664-0640
VL - 14
SP - 1
EP - 16
JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry
JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry
M1 - 1120981
ER -