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Gaia GraL X. The GraL catalogue of gravitationally lensed quasars Matched with \textit{Gaia} data, redshifts, and time delays

  • C. Ducourant
  • , R. Teixeira
  • , P. H. Vale-Cunha
  • , L. Delchambre
  • , A. Krone-Martins
  • , J. Braine
  • , L. Galluccio
  • , J-F Le Campion
  • , O. S. Krinski-Moreira
  • , S. Scarano
  • , C. Boehm
  • , T. Connor
  • , S. G. Djorgovski
  • , M. J. Graham
  • , P. Jalan
  • , Q. Petit
  • , S. A. Klioner
  • , F. Mignard
  • , V. Negi
  • , J. Sebastian den Brok
  • I. Slezak, E. Slezak, C. Spindola-Duarte, D. Stern, J. Surdej, D. Sweeney, D. J. Walton, J. Wambsganss

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Determining the Hubble constant tension requires alternative strategies, and multiply imaged quasars, with their intermediate redshifts, can potentially be used in this regard. We provide a currently complete catalogue of spectroscopically confirmed lensed quasars with ESA/{\it Gaia} astrometry and photometry, as well as redshifts and time delays when available. In addition to the improved astrometry, the catalogue increases the number of lensed quasars by a factor of 1.5 (now 364, of which 277 are doubles and 87 are quads or triples) and significantly increases the number of lensing galaxies detected (now 218), which represents a major step forward. Redshifts are provided for 347 quasars and 188 deflectors. A completely new table of time delays, required for estimates of $H_0$, is presented, with 195 time delays from 73 systems. {\it Gaia} absolute astrometry is sub-milliarcsecond and covers the entire sky. Future {\it Gaia} data releases will provide long-term photometry, which should provide many more time delays. The catalogues as presented here enable machine-learning techniques to be trained and tested and subsequently applied to the {\it Gaia} data releases. Finally, we derive simple but homogeneous models of the 18 quadruply imaged quasars for which images of all four components are presented in {\it Gaia} DR3.}
Original languageEnglish
Article numberA345
Number of pages12
JournalAstronomy & Astrophysics
Volume707
Early online date23 Mar 2026
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 31 Mar 2026

Keywords

  • astro-ph.GA
  • astro-ph.CO

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