GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies

M. Franco; D. Elbaz; L. Zhou; B. Magnelli; C. Schreiber; L. Ciesla; M. Dickinson; N. Nagar; G. Magdis; D. M. Alexander; M. Béthermin; R. Demarco; E. Daddi; T. Wang; J. Mullaney; M. Sargent; H. Inami; X. Shu; F. Bournaud; R. Chary; R. T. Coogan; H. Ferguson; S. L. Finkelstein; M. Giavalisco; C. Gómez-Guijarro; D. Iono; S. Juneau; G. Lagache; L. Lin; K. Motohara; K. Okumura; M. Pannella; C. Papovich; A. Pope; W. Rujopakarn; J. Silverman; M. Xiao

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038312

GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies

M. Franco, D. Elbaz, L. Zhou, B. Magnelli, C. Schreiber, L. Ciesla, M. Dickinson, N. Nagar, G. Magdis, D. M. Alexander, M. Béthermin, R. Demarco, E. Daddi, T. Wang, J. Mullaney, M. Sargent, H. Inami, X. Shu, F. Bournaud, R. CharyR. T. Coogan, H. Ferguson, S. L. Finkelstein, M. Giavalisco, C. Gómez-Guijarro, D. Iono, S. Juneau, G. Lagache, L. Lin, K. Motohara, K. Okumura, M. Pannella, C. Papovich, A. Pope, W. Rujopakarn, J. Silverman, M. Xiao

School of Physics, Engineering & Computer Science

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Abstract

We investigate the properties of a sample of 35 galaxies, detected with ALMA at 1.1 mm in the GOODS-ALMA field (area of 69 arcmin$^2$, resolution = 0.60", RMS $\simeq$ 0.18 mJy beam$^{-1}$). Using the UV-to-radio deep multiwavelength coverage of the GOODS-South field, we fit the spectral energy distributions of these galaxies to derive their key physical properties. The galaxies detected by ALMA are among the most massive at $z$ = 2-4 (M$_{\star,med}$ = 8.5$ \times$ 10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$) and are either starburst or located in the upper part of the galaxy star-forming main sequence. A significant portion of our galaxy population ($\sim$ 40%), located at $z\sim$ 2.5-3, exhibits abnormally low gas fractions. The sizes of these galaxies, measured with ALMA, are compatible with the trend between $H$-band size and stellar mass observed for $z\sim2$ elliptical galaxies suggesting that they are building compact bulges. We show that there is a strong link between star formation surface density (at 1.1 mm) and gas depletion time: the more compact a galaxy's star-forming region is, the shorter its lifetime will be (without gas replenishment). The identified compact sources associated with relatively short depletion timescales ($\sim$100 Myr), are the ideal candidates to be the progenitors of compact elliptical galaxies at $z$ $\sim$ 2.

Original language	English
Article number	A30
Number of pages	17
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	643
Early online date	27 Oct 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038312
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2020

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astro-ph.GA

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10.1051/0004-6361/202038312

aa38312
© M. Franco et al. 2020. Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
Final published version, 21.5 MBLicence: CC BY

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Franco, M., Elbaz, D., Zhou, L., Magnelli, B., Schreiber, C., Ciesla, L., Dickinson, M., Nagar, N., Magdis, G., Alexander, D. M., Béthermin, M., Demarco, R., Daddi, E., Wang, T., Mullaney, J., Sargent, M., Inami, H., Shu, X., Bournaud, F., ... Xiao, M. (2020). GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 643, Article A30. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038312

@article{dc8f13ace92c435e8c7b2aab9886452a,

title = "GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies",

abstract = " We investigate the properties of a sample of 35 galaxies, detected with ALMA at 1.1 mm in the GOODS-ALMA field (area of 69 arcmin$^2$, resolution = 0.60{"}, RMS $\simeq$ 0.18 mJy beam$^{-1}$). Using the UV-to-radio deep multiwavelength coverage of the GOODS-South field, we fit the spectral energy distributions of these galaxies to derive their key physical properties. The galaxies detected by ALMA are among the most massive at $z$ = 2-4 (M$_{\star,med}$ = 8.5$ \times$ 10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$) and are either starburst or located in the upper part of the galaxy star-forming main sequence. A significant portion of our galaxy population ($\sim$ 40%), located at $z\sim$ 2.5-3, exhibits abnormally low gas fractions. The sizes of these galaxies, measured with ALMA, are compatible with the trend between $H$-band size and stellar mass observed for $z\sim2$ elliptical galaxies suggesting that they are building compact bulges. We show that there is a strong link between star formation surface density (at 1.1 mm) and gas depletion time: the more compact a galaxy's star-forming region is, the shorter its lifetime will be (without gas replenishment). The identified compact sources associated with relatively short depletion timescales ($\sim$100 Myr), are the ideal candidates to be the progenitors of compact elliptical galaxies at $z$ $\sim$ 2. ",

keywords = "astro-ph.GA",

author = "M. Franco and D. Elbaz and L. Zhou and B. Magnelli and C. Schreiber and L. Ciesla and M. Dickinson and N. Nagar and G. Magdis and Alexander, {D. M.} and M. B{\'e}thermin and R. Demarco and E. Daddi and T. Wang and J. Mullaney and M. Sargent and H. Inami and X. Shu and F. Bournaud and R. Chary and Coogan, {R. T.} and H. Ferguson and Finkelstein, {S. L.} and M. Giavalisco and C. G{\'o}mez-Guijarro and D. Iono and S. Juneau and G. Lagache and L. Lin and K. Motohara and K. Okumura and M. Pannella and C. Papovich and A. Pope and W. Rujopakarn and J. Silverman and M. Xiao",

note = "{\textcopyright} M. Franco et al. 2020. Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)",

year = "2020",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202038312",

language = "English",

volume = "643",

journal = "Astronomy & Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Franco, M, Elbaz, D, Zhou, L, Magnelli, B, Schreiber, C, Ciesla, L, Dickinson, M, Nagar, N, Magdis, G, Alexander, DM, Béthermin, M, Demarco, R, Daddi, E, Wang, T, Mullaney, J, Sargent, M, Inami, H, Shu, X, Bournaud, F, Chary, R, Coogan, RT, Ferguson, H, Finkelstein, SL, Giavalisco, M, Gómez-Guijarro, C, Iono, D, Juneau, S, Lagache, G, Lin, L, Motohara, K, Okumura, K, Pannella, M, Papovich, C, Pope, A, Rujopakarn, W, Silverman, J & Xiao, M 2020, 'GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies', Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 643, A30. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038312

TY - JOUR

T1 - GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies

AU - Franco, M.

AU - Elbaz, D.

AU - Zhou, L.

AU - Magnelli, B.

AU - Schreiber, C.

AU - Ciesla, L.

AU - Dickinson, M.

AU - Nagar, N.

AU - Magdis, G.

AU - Alexander, D. M.

AU - Béthermin, M.

AU - Demarco, R.

AU - Daddi, E.

AU - Wang, T.

AU - Mullaney, J.

AU - Sargent, M.

AU - Inami, H.

AU - Shu, X.

AU - Bournaud, F.

AU - Chary, R.

AU - Coogan, R. T.

AU - Ferguson, H.

AU - Finkelstein, S. L.

AU - Giavalisco, M.

AU - Gómez-Guijarro, C.

AU - Iono, D.

AU - Juneau, S.

AU - Lagache, G.

AU - Lin, L.

AU - Motohara, K.

AU - Okumura, K.

AU - Pannella, M.

AU - Papovich, C.

AU - Pope, A.

AU - Rujopakarn, W.

AU - Silverman, J.

AU - Xiao, M.

N1 - © M. Franco et al. 2020. Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

PY - 2020/11/1

Y1 - 2020/11/1

N2 - We investigate the properties of a sample of 35 galaxies, detected with ALMA at 1.1 mm in the GOODS-ALMA field (area of 69 arcmin$^2$, resolution = 0.60", RMS $\simeq$ 0.18 mJy beam$^{-1}$). Using the UV-to-radio deep multiwavelength coverage of the GOODS-South field, we fit the spectral energy distributions of these galaxies to derive their key physical properties. The galaxies detected by ALMA are among the most massive at $z$ = 2-4 (M$_{\star,med}$ = 8.5$ \times$ 10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$) and are either starburst or located in the upper part of the galaxy star-forming main sequence. A significant portion of our galaxy population ($\sim$ 40%), located at $z\sim$ 2.5-3, exhibits abnormally low gas fractions. The sizes of these galaxies, measured with ALMA, are compatible with the trend between $H$-band size and stellar mass observed for $z\sim2$ elliptical galaxies suggesting that they are building compact bulges. We show that there is a strong link between star formation surface density (at 1.1 mm) and gas depletion time: the more compact a galaxy's star-forming region is, the shorter its lifetime will be (without gas replenishment). The identified compact sources associated with relatively short depletion timescales ($\sim$100 Myr), are the ideal candidates to be the progenitors of compact elliptical galaxies at $z$ $\sim$ 2.

AB - We investigate the properties of a sample of 35 galaxies, detected with ALMA at 1.1 mm in the GOODS-ALMA field (area of 69 arcmin$^2$, resolution = 0.60", RMS $\simeq$ 0.18 mJy beam$^{-1}$). Using the UV-to-radio deep multiwavelength coverage of the GOODS-South field, we fit the spectral energy distributions of these galaxies to derive their key physical properties. The galaxies detected by ALMA are among the most massive at $z$ = 2-4 (M$_{\star,med}$ = 8.5$ \times$ 10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$) and are either starburst or located in the upper part of the galaxy star-forming main sequence. A significant portion of our galaxy population ($\sim$ 40%), located at $z\sim$ 2.5-3, exhibits abnormally low gas fractions. The sizes of these galaxies, measured with ALMA, are compatible with the trend between $H$-band size and stellar mass observed for $z\sim2$ elliptical galaxies suggesting that they are building compact bulges. We show that there is a strong link between star formation surface density (at 1.1 mm) and gas depletion time: the more compact a galaxy's star-forming region is, the shorter its lifetime will be (without gas replenishment). The identified compact sources associated with relatively short depletion timescales ($\sim$100 Myr), are the ideal candidates to be the progenitors of compact elliptical galaxies at $z$ $\sim$ 2.

KW - astro-ph.GA

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202038312

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202038312

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 643

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

M1 - A30

ER -

GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies

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