TY - JOUR
T1 - Ibogaine/Noribogaine in the treatment of Substance Use Disorders: a systematic review of the current literature
AU - Mosca, Alessio
AU - Chiappini, Stefania
AU - Miuli, Andrea
AU - Mancusi, Gianluca
AU - Santovito, Maria Chiara
AU - Di Carlo, Francesco
AU - Pettorruso, Mauro
AU - Corkery, John
AU - Canessa, Carlos
AU - Martinotti, Giovanni
AU - Di Giannantonio, Massimo
N1 - © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers. This is the accepted manuscript version of an article which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X21666221017085612
PY - 2023/2/7
Y1 - 2023/2/7
N2 - Background: Ibogaine and noribogaine are psychedelic substances with dissociative properties naturally occurring in plants of the Apocynaceae family. Research has shown their efficacy in treating substance use disorders (SUD), particularly in opiate detoxification, but their efficacy and toxicity are still unclear. Objective: This review aims to assess the anti-addictive role of ibogaine and evaluate its side effects. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted on the 29
th of November 2021 using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases through the following search strategy: ("Ibogaine" OR "Nori-bogaine") AND ("SUD" OR "substance use disorder" OR "craving" OR "abstinence" OR "withdraw-al" OR "addiction" OR "detoxification") NOT animal NOT review NOT "vitro." The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed for data gathering purposes. Research methods were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021287034). Results: Thirty-one articles were selected for the systematic revision, and two were considered for analysis. The results were organised according to the type of study: case reports/case series, random-ised-controlled trials (RCTs), open-label, survey and observational studies. The main outcomes were related to the anti-addictive effect of ibogaine and its cardiac toxicity. A meta-analysis of side effects was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software, showing a significant risk of developing headaches after ibogaine/noribogaine treatment. Conclusion: The results show some efficacy of ibogaine in the treatment of SUDs, but its cardiotoxi-city and mortality are worrying. Further studies are needed to assess its therapeutic efficacy and actual safety.
AB - Background: Ibogaine and noribogaine are psychedelic substances with dissociative properties naturally occurring in plants of the Apocynaceae family. Research has shown their efficacy in treating substance use disorders (SUD), particularly in opiate detoxification, but their efficacy and toxicity are still unclear. Objective: This review aims to assess the anti-addictive role of ibogaine and evaluate its side effects. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted on the 29
th of November 2021 using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases through the following search strategy: ("Ibogaine" OR "Nori-bogaine") AND ("SUD" OR "substance use disorder" OR "craving" OR "abstinence" OR "withdraw-al" OR "addiction" OR "detoxification") NOT animal NOT review NOT "vitro." The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed for data gathering purposes. Research methods were registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021287034). Results: Thirty-one articles were selected for the systematic revision, and two were considered for analysis. The results were organised according to the type of study: case reports/case series, random-ised-controlled trials (RCTs), open-label, survey and observational studies. The main outcomes were related to the anti-addictive effect of ibogaine and its cardiac toxicity. A meta-analysis of side effects was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software, showing a significant risk of developing headaches after ibogaine/noribogaine treatment. Conclusion: The results show some efficacy of ibogaine in the treatment of SUDs, but its cardiotoxi-city and mortality are worrying. Further studies are needed to assess its therapeutic efficacy and actual safety.
KW - Ibogaine/Noribogaine
KW - substance use disorder
KW - addiction
KW - psychedelics
KW - withdrawal symptoms
KW - noribogaine
KW - Ibogaine
U2 - 10.2174/1570159X21666221017085612
DO - 10.2174/1570159X21666221017085612
M3 - Article
SN - 1570-159X
VL - 21
SP - 2178
EP - 2194
JO - Current Neuropharmacology
JF - Current Neuropharmacology
IS - 11
ER -