ICE-RF: Improving Cirrus Estimates of Radiative Forcing: Preliminary Laboratory Backscattering Results

Physics & Astronomy

• radiative forcing 100%
• ice 53%
• backscattering 48%
• estimates 32%
• ice clouds 31%
• crystals 14%
• solar radiation 13%
• optical thickness 12%
• climate models 10%
• terrestrial radiation 9%
• tubes 8%
• cloud chambers 8%
• climate 7%
• Earth atmosphere 7%
• habits 7%
• room temperature 6%
• enclosure 6%
• optical radar 6%
• moisture content 6%
• irregularities 6%
• crystal surfaces 6%
• replicas 6%
• humidity 6%
• surface temperature 6%
• confidence 5%
• lasers 5%
• light scattering 5%
• platforms 5%
• asymmetry 4%
• trapping 4%
• laser beams 4%
• atmospheres 4%
• cooling 4%
• optical properties 3%
• heating 3%
• causes 3%
• probes 3%
• sensitivity 3%
• radiation 3%
• predictions 3%
• configurations 3%
• scattering 3%
• wavelengths 2%
• temperature 1%