Jades: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9

Stefano Carniani; Giacomo Venturi; Eleonora Parlanti; Anna de Graaff; Roberto Maiolino; Santiago Arribas; Nina Bonaventura; Kristan Boyett; Andrew J. Bunker; Alex J. Cameron; Stephane Charlot; Jacopo Chevallard; Mirko Curti; Emma Curtis-Lake; Daniel J. Eisenstein; Giovanna Giardino; Ryan Hausen; Nimisha Kumari; Michael V. Maseda; Erica Nelson; Michele Perna; Hans-Walter Rix; Brant Robertson; Bruno Rodríguez Del Pino; Lester Sandles; Jan Scholtz; Charlotte Simmonds; Renske Smit; Sandro Tacchella; Hannah Übler; Chris Willott; Joris Witstok

Jades: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9

Stefano Carniani, Giacomo Venturi, Eleonora Parlanti, Anna de Graaff, Roberto Maiolino, Santiago Arribas, Nina Bonaventura, Kristan Boyett, Andrew J. Bunker, Alex J. Cameron, Stephane Charlot, Jacopo Chevallard, Mirko Curti, Emma Curtis-Lake, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Giovanna Giardino, Ryan Hausen, Nimisha Kumari, Michael V. Maseda, Erica NelsonMichele Perna, Hans-Walter Rix, Brant Robertson, Bruno Rodríguez Del Pino, Lester Sandles, Jan Scholtz, Charlotte Simmonds, Renske Smit, Sandro Tacchella, Hannah Übler, Chris Willott, Joris Witstok

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Abstract

We investigate the incidence and properties of ionized gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar mass between $10^7$ M$_{\odot}$ and $10^9$ M$_{\odot}$ observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at $z>3$. The incidence fraction of ionized outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25-40$\%$ depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic but have a limited opening angle which results in a detection only when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star-formation rate. The median velocity and mass loading factor (i.e., the ratio between mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionized gas are 500 km s$^{-1}$ and $\eta=2.1^{+2.5}_{-1.6}$, respectively. These are two and 100 times higher, respectively than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. These outflows are able to escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and enrich the circum-galactic medium and, potentially, the inter-galactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.

Original language	English
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Publication status	Accepted/In press - 1 Feb 2024

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astro-ph.GA

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Accepted_ManuscriptAccepted author manuscript, 6.42 MB

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Carniani, S., Venturi, G., Parlanti, E., Graaff, A. D., Maiolino, R., Arribas, S., Bonaventura, N., Boyett, K., Bunker, A. J., Cameron, A. J., Charlot, S., Chevallard, J., Curti, M., Curtis-Lake, E., Eisenstein, D. J., Giardino, G., Hausen, R., Kumari, N., Maseda, M. V., ... Witstok, J. (Accepted/In press). Jades: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9. Astronomy & Astrophysics.

@article{5b46e3f1288843ceba07a7e09398183f,

title = "Jades: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9",

abstract = " We investigate the incidence and properties of ionized gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar mass between $10^7$ M$_{\odot}$ and $10^9$ M$_{\odot}$ observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at $z>3$. The incidence fraction of ionized outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25-40$\%$ depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic but have a limited opening angle which results in a detection only when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star-formation rate. The median velocity and mass loading factor (i.e., the ratio between mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionized gas are 500 km s$^{-1}$ and $\eta=2.1^{+2.5}_{-1.6}$, respectively. These are two and 100 times higher, respectively than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. These outflows are able to escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and enrich the circum-galactic medium and, potentially, the inter-galactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe. ",

keywords = "astro-ph.GA",

author = "Stefano Carniani and Giacomo Venturi and Eleonora Parlanti and Graaff, {Anna de} and Roberto Maiolino and Santiago Arribas and Nina Bonaventura and Kristan Boyett and Bunker, {Andrew J.} and Cameron, {Alex J.} and Stephane Charlot and Jacopo Chevallard and Mirko Curti and Emma Curtis-Lake and Eisenstein, {Daniel J.} and Giovanna Giardino and Ryan Hausen and Nimisha Kumari and Maseda, {Michael V.} and Erica Nelson and Michele Perna and Hans-Walter Rix and Brant Robertson and Pino, {Bruno Rodr{\'i}guez Del} and Lester Sandles and Jan Scholtz and Charlotte Simmonds and Renske Smit and Sandro Tacchella and Hannah {\"U}bler and Chris Willott and Joris Witstok",

note = "16 pages, 3 tables, Submitted to A&A",

year = "2024",

month = feb,

day = "1",

language = "English",

journal = "Astronomy & Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Carniani, S, Venturi, G, Parlanti, E, Graaff, AD, Maiolino, R, Arribas, S, Bonaventura, N, Boyett, K, Bunker, AJ, Cameron, AJ, Charlot, S, Chevallard, J, Curti, M, Curtis-Lake, E, Eisenstein, DJ, Giardino, G, Hausen, R, Kumari, N, Maseda, MV, Nelson, E, Perna, M, Rix, H-W, Robertson, B, Pino, BRD, Sandles, L, Scholtz, J, Simmonds, C, Smit, R, Tacchella, S, Übler, H, Willott, C & Witstok, J 2024, 'Jades: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9', Astronomy & Astrophysics.

TY - JOUR

T1 - Jades

T2 - The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9

AU - Carniani, Stefano

AU - Venturi, Giacomo

AU - Parlanti, Eleonora

AU - Graaff, Anna de

AU - Maiolino, Roberto

AU - Arribas, Santiago

AU - Bonaventura, Nina

AU - Boyett, Kristan

AU - Bunker, Andrew J.

AU - Cameron, Alex J.

AU - Charlot, Stephane

AU - Chevallard, Jacopo

AU - Curti, Mirko

AU - Curtis-Lake, Emma

AU - Eisenstein, Daniel J.

AU - Giardino, Giovanna

AU - Hausen, Ryan

AU - Kumari, Nimisha

AU - Maseda, Michael V.

AU - Nelson, Erica

AU - Perna, Michele

AU - Rix, Hans-Walter

AU - Robertson, Brant

AU - Pino, Bruno Rodríguez Del

AU - Sandles, Lester

AU - Scholtz, Jan

AU - Simmonds, Charlotte

AU - Smit, Renske

AU - Tacchella, Sandro

AU - Übler, Hannah

AU - Willott, Chris

AU - Witstok, Joris

N1 - 16 pages, 3 tables, Submitted to A&A

PY - 2024/2/1

Y1 - 2024/2/1

N2 - We investigate the incidence and properties of ionized gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar mass between $10^7$ M$_{\odot}$ and $10^9$ M$_{\odot}$ observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at $z>3$. The incidence fraction of ionized outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25-40$\%$ depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic but have a limited opening angle which results in a detection only when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star-formation rate. The median velocity and mass loading factor (i.e., the ratio between mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionized gas are 500 km s$^{-1}$ and $\eta=2.1^{+2.5}_{-1.6}$, respectively. These are two and 100 times higher, respectively than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. These outflows are able to escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and enrich the circum-galactic medium and, potentially, the inter-galactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.

AB - We investigate the incidence and properties of ionized gas outflows in a sample of 52 galaxies with stellar mass between $10^7$ M$_{\odot}$ and $10^9$ M$_{\odot}$ observed with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec MSA spectroscopy as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES). The high-spectral resolution (R2700) NIRSpec observations allowed us to identify for the first time the signature of outflows in the rest-frame optical nebular lines in low-mass galaxies at $z>3$. The incidence fraction of ionized outflows, traced by broad components, is about 25-40$\%$ depending on the intensity of the emission lines. The low incidence fraction might be due to both the sensitivity limit and the fact that outflows are not isotropic but have a limited opening angle which results in a detection only when this is directed toward our line of sight. Evidence for outflows increases slightly with stellar mass and star-formation rate. The median velocity and mass loading factor (i.e., the ratio between mass outflow rate and star formation rate) of the outflowing ionized gas are 500 km s$^{-1}$ and $\eta=2.1^{+2.5}_{-1.6}$, respectively. These are two and 100 times higher, respectively than the typical values observed in local dwarf galaxies. These outflows are able to escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy and enrich the circum-galactic medium and, potentially, the inter-galactic medium. Our results indicate that outflows can significantly impact the star formation activity in low-mass galaxies within the first 2 Gyr of the Universe.

KW - astro-ph.GA

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

ER -

Jades: The incidence rate and properties of galactic outflows in low-mass galaxies across 3 < z < 9

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