Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Marina Sarda Gou; Gabriella Lakatos; Patrick Holthaus; Ben Robins; Sílvia Moros Espanol; Luke Wood; Hugo Araujo; Christine Augusta Ekua deGraft-Hanson; Mohammad Reza Mousavi; Farshid Amirabdollahian

doi:10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464

Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Marina Sarda Gou, Gabriella Lakatos, Patrick Holthaus, Ben Robins, Sílvia Moros Espanol, Luke Wood, Hugo Araujo, Christine Augusta Ekua deGraft-Hanson, Mohammad Reza Mousavi, Farshid Amirabdollahian

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

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Abstract

This paper presents an investigation into the effectiveness of introducing explicit causal explanations in a child-robot interaction setting to help children with autism improve their Visual Perspective Taking (VPT) skills. A sample of ten children participated in three sessions with a social robot on different days, during which they played several games consisting of VPT tasks. In some of the sessions, the robot provided constructive feedback to the children by giving causal explanations related to VPT; other sessions were control sessions without explanations. An analysis of the children’s learning progress revealed that they improved their VPT abilities faster when the robot provided causal explanations. However, both groups ultimately reach a similar ratio of correct answers in later sessions. These findings suggest that providing causal explanations using a social robot can be effective to teach VPT to children with autism. This study paves the way for further exploring a robot’s ability to provide causal explanations in other educational scenarios.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)
Place of Publication	Busan, Korea, Republic of
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Pages	1407-1412
Number of pages	6
Edition	32
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3503-3670-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464
Publication status	Published - 13 Nov 2023
Event	32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (IEEE RO-MAN 2023) - Busan, Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Duration: 28 Aug 2023 → 31 Aug 2023 https://www.ro-man2023.org/main

Conference

Conference	32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (IEEE RO-MAN 2023)
Abbreviated title	IEEE RO-MAN 2023
Country/Territory	Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
City	Busan
Period	28/08/23 → 31/08/23
Internet address	https://www.ro-man2023.org/main

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10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464Licence: Unspecified

Accepted_Manuscript
© 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. This is the accepted manuscript version of a conference paper which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464
Accepted author manuscript, 553 KBLicence: Unspecified

Cite this

Sarda Gou, M., Lakatos, G., Holthaus, P., Robins, B., Moros Espanol, S., Wood, L., Araujo, H., deGraft-Hanson, C. A. E., Mousavi, M. R., & Amirabdollahian, F. (2023). Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In 2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN) (32 ed., pp. 1407-1412). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464

Sarda Gou, Marina ; Lakatos, Gabriella ; Holthaus, Patrick et al. / Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). 32. ed. Busan, Korea, Republic of : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023. pp. 1407-1412

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title = "Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder",

abstract = "This paper presents an investigation into the effectiveness of introducing explicit causal explanations in a child-robot interaction setting to help children with autism improve their Visual Perspective Taking (VPT) skills. A sample of ten children participated in three sessions with a social robot on different days, during which they played several games consisting of VPT tasks. In some of the sessions, the robot provided constructive feedback to the children by giving causal explanations related to VPT; other sessions were control sessions without explanations. An analysis of the children{\textquoteright}s learning progress revealed that they improved their VPT abilities faster when the robot provided causal explanations. However, both groups ultimately reach a similar ratio of correct answers in later sessions. These findings suggest that providing causal explanations using a social robot can be effective to teach VPT to children with autism. This study paves the way for further exploring a robot{\textquoteright}s ability to provide causal explanations in other educational scenarios.",

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Sarda Gou, M, Lakatos, G , Holthaus, P , Robins, B , Moros Espanol, S , Wood, L, Araujo, H, deGraft-Hanson, CAE, Mousavi, MR & Amirabdollahian, F 2023, Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. in 2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). 32 edn, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Busan, Korea, Republic of, pp. 1407-1412, 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (IEEE RO-MAN 2023) , Busan, Korea, Democratic People's Republic of, 28/08/23. https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464

Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. / Sarda Gou, Marina; Lakatos, Gabriella ; Holthaus, Patrick et al.
2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). 32. ed. Busan, Korea, Republic of: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023. p. 1407-1412.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

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AU - Sarda Gou, Marina

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AU - Moros Espanol, Sílvia

AU - Wood, Luke

AU - Araujo, Hugo

AU - deGraft-Hanson, Christine Augusta Ekua

AU - Mousavi, Mohammad Reza

AU - Amirabdollahian, Farshid

N1 - © 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. This is the accepted manuscript version of a conference paper which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464

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N2 - This paper presents an investigation into the effectiveness of introducing explicit causal explanations in a child-robot interaction setting to help children with autism improve their Visual Perspective Taking (VPT) skills. A sample of ten children participated in three sessions with a social robot on different days, during which they played several games consisting of VPT tasks. In some of the sessions, the robot provided constructive feedback to the children by giving causal explanations related to VPT; other sessions were control sessions without explanations. An analysis of the children’s learning progress revealed that they improved their VPT abilities faster when the robot provided causal explanations. However, both groups ultimately reach a similar ratio of correct answers in later sessions. These findings suggest that providing causal explanations using a social robot can be effective to teach VPT to children with autism. This study paves the way for further exploring a robot’s ability to provide causal explanations in other educational scenarios.

AB - This paper presents an investigation into the effectiveness of introducing explicit causal explanations in a child-robot interaction setting to help children with autism improve their Visual Perspective Taking (VPT) skills. A sample of ten children participated in three sessions with a social robot on different days, during which they played several games consisting of VPT tasks. In some of the sessions, the robot provided constructive feedback to the children by giving causal explanations related to VPT; other sessions were control sessions without explanations. An analysis of the children’s learning progress revealed that they improved their VPT abilities faster when the robot provided causal explanations. However, both groups ultimately reach a similar ratio of correct answers in later sessions. These findings suggest that providing causal explanations using a social robot can be effective to teach VPT to children with autism. This study paves the way for further exploring a robot’s ability to provide causal explanations in other educational scenarios.

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M3 - Conference contribution

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BT - 2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)

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Sarda Gou M, Lakatos G , Holthaus P , Robins B , Moros Espanol S , Wood L et al. Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In 2023 32nd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). 32 ed. Busan, Korea, Republic of: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). 2023. p. 1407-1412 doi: 10.1109/RO-MAN57019.2023.10309464

Kaspar Explains: The Effect of Causal Explanations on Visual Perspective Taking Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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