LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: Catalogue and Source Counts

W. L. Williams; R. J. Van Weeren; H. J. A. Röttgering; P. Best; T. J. Dijkema; F. de Gasperin; M. J. Hardcastle; G. Heald; I. Prandoni; J. Sabater; T. W. Shimwell; C. Tasse; I. M. van Bemmel; M. Brüggen; G. Brunetti; J. E. Conway; T. Enßlin; D. Engels; H. Falcke; C. Ferrari; M. Haverkorn; N. Jackson; M. J. Jarvis; A. D. Kapinska; E. K. Mahony; G. K. Miley; L. K. Morabito; R. Morganti; E. Orrú; E. Retana-Montenegro; S. S. Sridhar; M. C. Toribio; G. J. White; M. W. Wise; J. T. L. Zwart

doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1056

LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: Catalogue and Source Counts

W. L. Williams, R. J. Van Weeren, H. J. A. Röttgering, P. Best, T. J. Dijkema, F. de Gasperin, M. J. Hardcastle, G. Heald, I. Prandoni, J. Sabater, T. W. Shimwell, C. Tasse, I. M. van Bemmel, M. Brüggen, G. Brunetti, J. E. Conway, T. Enßlin, D. Engels, H. Falcke, C. FerrariM. Haverkorn, N. Jackson, M. J. Jarvis, A. D. Kapinska, E. K. Mahony, G. K. Miley, L. K. Morabito, R. Morganti, E. Orrú, E. Retana-Montenegro, S. S. Sridhar, M. C. Toribio, G. J. White, M. W. Wise, J. T. L. Zwart

Centre for Astrophysics Research

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Abstract

We present the first wide area (19 deg$^2$), deep ($\approx120-150$ {\mu}Jy beam$^{-1}$), high resolution ($5.6 \times 7.4$ arcsec) LOFAR High Band Antenna image of the Bo\"otes field made at 130-169 MHz. This image is at least an order of magnitude deeper and 3-5 times higher in angular resolution than previously achieved for this field at low frequencies. The observations and data reduction, which includes full direction-dependent calibration, are described here. We present a radio source catalogue containing 6276 sources detected over an area of $19$\,deg$^2$, with a peak flux density threshold of $5\sigma$. As the first thorough test of the facet calibration strategy, introduced by van Weeren et al., we investigate the flux and positional accuracy of the catalogue. We present differential source counts that reach an order of magnitude deeper in flux density than previously achieved at these low frequencies, and show flattening at 150 MHz flux densities below 10 mJy associated with the rise of the low flux density star-forming galaxies and radio-quiet AGN.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2385–2412
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	460
Issue number	3
Early online date	29 May 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1056
Publication status	Published - 11 Aug 2016

Keywords

astro-ph.CO
astro-ph.IM

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Williams, W. L., Van Weeren, R. J., Röttgering, H. J. A., Best, P., Dijkema, T. J., Gasperin, F. D., Hardcastle, M. J., Heald, G., Prandoni, I., Sabater, J., Shimwell, T. W., Tasse, C., Bemmel, I. M. V., Brüggen, M., Brunetti, G., Conway, J. E., Enßlin, T., Engels, D., Falcke, H., ... Zwart, J. T. L. (2016). LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: Catalogue and Source Counts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 460(3), 2385–2412. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1056

@article{8050f0651cd14aa798acac8ee629d57b,

title = "LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Bo{\"o}tes field: Catalogue and Source Counts",

abstract = "We present the first wide area (19 deg$^2$), deep ($\approx120-150$ {\mu}Jy beam$^{-1}$), high resolution ($5.6 \times 7.4$ arcsec) LOFAR High Band Antenna image of the Bo\{"}otes field made at 130-169 MHz. This image is at least an order of magnitude deeper and 3-5 times higher in angular resolution than previously achieved for this field at low frequencies. The observations and data reduction, which includes full direction-dependent calibration, are described here. We present a radio source catalogue containing 6276 sources detected over an area of $19$\,deg$^2$, with a peak flux density threshold of $5\sigma$. As the first thorough test of the facet calibration strategy, introduced by van Weeren et al., we investigate the flux and positional accuracy of the catalogue. We present differential source counts that reach an order of magnitude deeper in flux density than previously achieved at these low frequencies, and show flattening at 150 MHz flux densities below 10 mJy associated with the rise of the low flux density star-forming galaxies and radio-quiet AGN.",

keywords = "astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM",

author = "Williams, {W. L.} and {Van Weeren}, {R. J.} and R{\"o}ttgering, {H. J. A.} and P. Best and Dijkema, {T. J.} and Gasperin, {F. de} and Hardcastle, {M. J.} and G. Heald and I. Prandoni and J. Sabater and Shimwell, {T. W.} and C. Tasse and Bemmel, {I. M. van} and M. Br{\"u}ggen and G. Brunetti and Conway, {J. E.} and T. En{\ss}lin and D. Engels and H. Falcke and C. Ferrari and M. Haverkorn and N. Jackson and Jarvis, {M. J.} and Kapinska, {A. D.} and Mahony, {E. K.} and Miley, {G. K.} and Morabito, {L. K.} and R. Morganti and E. Orr{\'u} and E. Retana-Montenegro and Sridhar, {S. S.} and Toribio, {M. C.} and White, {G. J.} and Wise, {M. W.} and Zwart, {J. T. L.}",

note = "29 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS",

year = "2016",

month = aug,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stw1056",

language = "English",

volume = "460",

pages = "2385–2412",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press (OUP)",

number = "3",

}

Williams, WL, Van Weeren, RJ, Röttgering, HJA, Best, P, Dijkema, TJ, Gasperin, FD, Hardcastle, MJ, Heald, G, Prandoni, I, Sabater, J, Shimwell, TW, Tasse, C, Bemmel, IMV, Brüggen, M, Brunetti, G, Conway, JE, Enßlin, T, Engels, D, Falcke, H, Ferrari, C, Haverkorn, M, Jackson, N, Jarvis, MJ, Kapinska, AD, Mahony, EK, Miley, GK, Morabito, LK, Morganti, R, Orrú, E, Retana-Montenegro, E, Sridhar, SS, Toribio, MC, White, GJ, Wise, MW & Zwart, JTL 2016, 'LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: Catalogue and Source Counts', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 460, no. 3, pp. 2385–2412. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw1056

TY - JOUR

T1 - LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: Catalogue and Source Counts

AU - Williams, W. L.

AU - Van Weeren, R. J.

AU - Röttgering, H. J. A.

AU - Best, P.

AU - Dijkema, T. J.

AU - Gasperin, F. de

AU - Hardcastle, M. J.

AU - Heald, G.

AU - Prandoni, I.

AU - Sabater, J.

AU - Shimwell, T. W.

AU - Tasse, C.

AU - Bemmel, I. M. van

AU - Brüggen, M.

AU - Brunetti, G.

AU - Conway, J. E.

AU - Enßlin, T.

AU - Engels, D.

AU - Falcke, H.

AU - Ferrari, C.

AU - Haverkorn, M.

AU - Jackson, N.

AU - Jarvis, M. J.

AU - Kapinska, A. D.

AU - Mahony, E. K.

AU - Miley, G. K.

AU - Morabito, L. K.

AU - Morganti, R.

AU - Orrú, E.

AU - Retana-Montenegro, E.

AU - Sridhar, S. S.

AU - Toribio, M. C.

AU - White, G. J.

AU - Wise, M. W.

AU - Zwart, J. T. L.

N1 - 29 pages, 27 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

PY - 2016/8/11

Y1 - 2016/8/11

N2 - We present the first wide area (19 deg$^2$), deep ($\approx120-150$ {\mu}Jy beam$^{-1}$), high resolution ($5.6 \times 7.4$ arcsec) LOFAR High Band Antenna image of the Bo\"otes field made at 130-169 MHz. This image is at least an order of magnitude deeper and 3-5 times higher in angular resolution than previously achieved for this field at low frequencies. The observations and data reduction, which includes full direction-dependent calibration, are described here. We present a radio source catalogue containing 6276 sources detected over an area of $19$\,deg$^2$, with a peak flux density threshold of $5\sigma$. As the first thorough test of the facet calibration strategy, introduced by van Weeren et al., we investigate the flux and positional accuracy of the catalogue. We present differential source counts that reach an order of magnitude deeper in flux density than previously achieved at these low frequencies, and show flattening at 150 MHz flux densities below 10 mJy associated with the rise of the low flux density star-forming galaxies and radio-quiet AGN.

AB - We present the first wide area (19 deg$^2$), deep ($\approx120-150$ {\mu}Jy beam$^{-1}$), high resolution ($5.6 \times 7.4$ arcsec) LOFAR High Band Antenna image of the Bo\"otes field made at 130-169 MHz. This image is at least an order of magnitude deeper and 3-5 times higher in angular resolution than previously achieved for this field at low frequencies. The observations and data reduction, which includes full direction-dependent calibration, are described here. We present a radio source catalogue containing 6276 sources detected over an area of $19$\,deg$^2$, with a peak flux density threshold of $5\sigma$. As the first thorough test of the facet calibration strategy, introduced by van Weeren et al., we investigate the flux and positional accuracy of the catalogue. We present differential source counts that reach an order of magnitude deeper in flux density than previously achieved at these low frequencies, and show flattening at 150 MHz flux densities below 10 mJy associated with the rise of the low flux density star-forming galaxies and radio-quiet AGN.

KW - astro-ph.CO

KW - astro-ph.IM

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stw1056

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stw1056

M3 - Article

VL - 460

SP - 2385

EP - 2412

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 3

ER -

LOFAR 150-MHz observations of the Boötes field: Catalogue and Source Counts

Abstract

Keywords

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