MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey

W. J. G. de Blok; J. Healy; F. M. Maccagni; D.J. Pisano; A. Bosma; J. English; T. Jarrett; A. Marasco; G.R. Meurer; S. Veronese; F. Bigiel; L. Chemin; F. Fraternali; B. Holwerda; P. Kamphuis; H.R. Klöckner; D. Kleiner; Adam K. Leroy; M. Mogotsi; K.A. Oman; E. Schinnerer; Lourdes Verdes-Montenegro; T. Westmeier; O.I. Wong; N. Zabel; P. Amram; C. Carignan; F. Combes; Elias Brinks; R-J. Dettmar; B.K. Gibson; G. I. G Józsa; B. S. Koribalski; S. S. McGaugh; T.A. Oosterloo; K. Spekkens; A.C. Schröder; E.A.K. Adams; E. Athanassoula; M.A. Bershady; R.J. Beswick; S. Blyth; E.C. Elson; B.S. Frank; G  Heald; P.A. Henning; S. Kurapati; S. I. Loubser; D. Lucero; M. Meyer; B. Namumba; S.-H. Oh; A. Sardone; K. Sheth; M.W.L. Smith; A. Sorgho; F. Walter; T. Williams; P. A. Woudt; A. Zijlstra

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348297

MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey

W. J. G. de Blok, J. Healy, F. M. Maccagni, D.J. Pisano, A. Bosma, J. English, T. Jarrett, A. Marasco, G.R. Meurer, S. Veronese, F. Bigiel, L. Chemin, F. Fraternali, B. Holwerda, P. Kamphuis, H.R. Klöckner, D. Kleiner, Adam K. Leroy, M. Mogotsi, K.A. OmanE. Schinnerer, Lourdes Verdes-Montenegro, T. Westmeier, O.I. Wong, N. Zabel, P. Amram, C. Carignan, F. Combes, Elias Brinks, R-J. Dettmar, B.K. Gibson, G. I. G Józsa, B. S. Koribalski, S. S. McGaugh, T.A. Oosterloo, K. Spekkens, A.C. Schröder, E.A.K. Adams, E. Athanassoula, M.A. Bershady, R.J. Beswick, S. Blyth, E.C. Elson, B.S. Frank, G Heald, P.A. Henning, S. Kurapati, S. I. Loubser, D. Lucero, M. Meyer, B. Namumba, S.-H. Oh, A. Sardone, K. Sheth, M.W.L. Smith, A. Sorgho, F. Walter, T. Williams, P. A. Woudt, A. Zijlstra

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Abstract

The MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in and around 30 nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low HI column densities. The HI column density sensitivity (3 sigma over 16 km/s) ranges from ~ 5 x 10^{17} cm^{-2} at 90'' resolution to ~4 x 10^{19} cm^{-2} at the highest resolution of 7''. The HI mass sensitivity (3 sigma over 50 km/s) is ~5.5 X 10^5 M_sun at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km/s. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold, accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in HI masses, from 10^7 M_sun to almost 10^{11} M_sun, to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compare the integrated HI fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present HI moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation between the physical properties of the HI in areas with star formation and areas without, related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the HI-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been catalogued. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy.

Original language	English
Article number	A109
Pages (from-to)	1-34
Number of pages	34
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	688
Early online date	21 Aug 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348297
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 21 Aug 2024

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astro-ph.GA

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© 2024 Author(s). Published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, to view a copy of the license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Blok, W. J. G. D., Healy, J., Maccagni, F. M., Pisano, D. J., Bosma, A., English, J., Jarrett, T., Marasco, A., Meurer, G. R., Veronese, S., Bigiel, F., Chemin, L., Fraternali, F., Holwerda, B., Kamphuis, P., Klöckner, H. R., Kleiner, D., Leroy, A. K., Mogotsi, M., ... Zijlstra, A. (2024). MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 688, 1-34. Article A109. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348297

@article{822613c3118d4ce8af9abc055c13d14f,

title = "MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey",

abstract = " The MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in and around 30 nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low HI column densities. The HI column density sensitivity (3 sigma over 16 km/s) ranges from \textasciitilde{} 5 x 10\textasciicircum{}\{17\} cm\textasciicircum{}\{-2\} at 90'' resolution to \textasciitilde{}4 x 10\textasciicircum{}\{19\} cm\textasciicircum{}\{-2\} at the highest resolution of 7''. The HI mass sensitivity (3 sigma over 50 km/s) is \textasciitilde{}5.5 X 10\textasciicircum{}5 M\_sun at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km/s. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold, accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in HI masses, from 10\textasciicircum{}7 M\_sun to almost 10\textasciicircum{}\{11\} M\_sun, to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compare the integrated HI fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present HI moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation between the physical properties of the HI in areas with star formation and areas without, related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the HI-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been catalogued. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy. ",

keywords = "astro-ph.GA",

author = "Blok, \{W. J. G. de\} and J. Healy and Maccagni, \{F. M.\} and D.J. Pisano and A. Bosma and J. English and T. Jarrett and A. Marasco and G.R. Meurer and S. Veronese and F. Bigiel and L. Chemin and F. Fraternali and B. Holwerda and P. Kamphuis and H.R. Kl{\"o}ckner and D. Kleiner and Leroy, \{Adam K.\} and M. Mogotsi and K.A. Oman and E. Schinnerer and Lourdes Verdes-Montenegro and T. Westmeier and O.I. Wong and N. Zabel and P. Amram and C. Carignan and F. Combes and Elias Brinks and R-J. Dettmar and B.K. Gibson and J{\'o}zsa, \{G. I. G\} and Koribalski, \{B. S.\} and McGaugh, \{S. S.\} and T.A. Oosterloo and K. Spekkens and A.C. Schr{\"o}der and E.A.K. Adams and E. Athanassoula and M.A. Bershady and R.J. Beswick and S. Blyth and E.C. Elson and B.S. Frank and G Heald and P.A. Henning and S. Kurapati and Loubser, \{S. I.\} and D. Lucero and M. Meyer and B. Namumba and S.-H. Oh and A. Sardone and K. Sheth and M.W.L. Smith and A. Sorgho and F. Walter and T. Williams and Woudt, \{P. A.\} and A. Zijlstra",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2024 Author(s). Published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, to view a copy of the license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ",

year = "2024",

month = aug,

day = "21",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202348297",

language = "English",

volume = "688",

pages = "1--34",

journal = "Astronomy \& Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Blok, WJGD, Healy, J, Maccagni, FM, Pisano, DJ, Bosma, A, English, J, Jarrett, T, Marasco, A, Meurer, GR, Veronese, S, Bigiel, F, Chemin, L, Fraternali, F, Holwerda, B, Kamphuis, P, Klöckner, HR, Kleiner, D, Leroy, AK, Mogotsi, M, Oman, KA, Schinnerer, E, Verdes-Montenegro, L, Westmeier, T, Wong, OI, Zabel, N, Amram, P, Carignan, C, Combes, F, Brinks, E, Dettmar, R-J, Gibson, BK, Józsa, GIG, Koribalski, BS, McGaugh, SS, Oosterloo, TA, Spekkens, K, Schröder, AC, Adams, EAK, Athanassoula, E, Bershady, MA, Beswick, RJ, Blyth, S, Elson, EC, Frank, BS, Heald, G, Henning, PA, Kurapati, S, Loubser, SI, Lucero, D, Meyer, M, Namumba, B, Oh, S-H, Sardone, A, Sheth, K, Smith, MWL, Sorgho, A, Walter, F, Williams, T, Woudt, PA & Zijlstra, A 2024, 'MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey', Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 688, A109, pp. 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348297

TY - JOUR

T1 - MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey

AU - Blok, W. J. G. de

AU - Healy, J.

AU - Maccagni, F. M.

AU - Pisano, D.J.

AU - Bosma, A.

AU - English, J.

AU - Jarrett, T.

AU - Marasco, A.

AU - Meurer, G.R.

AU - Veronese, S.

AU - Bigiel, F.

AU - Chemin, L.

AU - Fraternali, F.

AU - Holwerda, B.

AU - Kamphuis, P.

AU - Klöckner, H.R.

AU - Kleiner, D.

AU - Leroy, Adam K.

AU - Mogotsi, M.

AU - Oman, K.A.

AU - Schinnerer, E.

AU - Verdes-Montenegro, Lourdes

AU - Westmeier, T.

AU - Wong, O.I.

AU - Zabel, N.

AU - Amram, P.

AU - Carignan, C.

AU - Combes, F.

AU - Brinks, Elias

AU - Dettmar, R-J.

AU - Gibson, B.K.

AU - Józsa, G. I. G

AU - Koribalski, B. S.

AU - McGaugh, S. S.

AU - Oosterloo, T.A.

AU - Spekkens, K.

AU - Schröder, A.C.

AU - Adams, E.A.K.

AU - Athanassoula, E.

AU - Bershady, M.A.

AU - Beswick, R.J.

AU - Blyth, S.

AU - Elson, E.C.

AU - Frank, B.S.

AU - Heald, G

AU - Henning, P.A.

AU - Kurapati, S.

AU - Loubser, S. I.

AU - Lucero, D.

AU - Meyer, M.

AU - Namumba, B.

AU - Oh, S.-H.

AU - Sardone, A.

AU - Sheth, K.

AU - Smith, M.W.L.

AU - Sorgho, A.

AU - Walter, F.

AU - Williams, T.

AU - Woudt, P. A.

AU - Zijlstra, A.

N1 - © 2024 Author(s). Published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, to view a copy of the license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

PY - 2024/8/21

Y1 - 2024/8/21

N2 - The MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in and around 30 nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low HI column densities. The HI column density sensitivity (3 sigma over 16 km/s) ranges from ~ 5 x 10^{17} cm^{-2} at 90'' resolution to ~4 x 10^{19} cm^{-2} at the highest resolution of 7''. The HI mass sensitivity (3 sigma over 50 km/s) is ~5.5 X 10^5 M_sun at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km/s. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold, accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in HI masses, from 10^7 M_sun to almost 10^{11} M_sun, to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compare the integrated HI fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present HI moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation between the physical properties of the HI in areas with star formation and areas without, related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the HI-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been catalogued. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy.

AB - The MHONGOOSE (MeerKAT HI Observations of Nearby Galactic Objects: Observing Southern Emitters) survey maps the distribution and kinematics of the neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) gas in and around 30 nearby star-forming spiral and dwarf galaxies to extremely low HI column densities. The HI column density sensitivity (3 sigma over 16 km/s) ranges from ~ 5 x 10^{17} cm^{-2} at 90'' resolution to ~4 x 10^{19} cm^{-2} at the highest resolution of 7''. The HI mass sensitivity (3 sigma over 50 km/s) is ~5.5 X 10^5 M_sun at a distance of 10 Mpc (the median distance of the sample galaxies). The velocity resolution of the data is 1.4 km/s. One of the main science goals of the survey is the detection of cold, accreting gas in the outskirts of the sample galaxies. The sample was selected to cover a range in HI masses, from 10^7 M_sun to almost 10^{11} M_sun, to optimally sample possible accretion scenarios and environments. The distance to the sample galaxies ranges from 3 to 23 Mpc. In this paper, we present the sample selection, survey design, and observation and reduction procedures. We compare the integrated HI fluxes based on the MeerKAT data with those derived from single-dish measurement and find good agreement, indicating that our MeerKAT observations are recovering all flux. We present HI moment maps of the entire sample based on the first ten percent of the survey data, and find that a comparison of the zeroth- and second-moment values shows a clear separation between the physical properties of the HI in areas with star formation and areas without, related to the formation of a cold neutral medium. Finally, we give an overview of the HI-detected companion and satellite galaxies in the 30 fields, five of which have not previously been catalogued. We find a clear relation between the number of companion galaxies and the mass of the main target galaxy.

KW - astro-ph.GA

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202348297

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202348297

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 688

SP - 1

EP - 34

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

M1 - A109

ER -

MHONGOOSE -- A MeerKAT Nearby Galaxy HI Survey

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