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Symmetries beget symmetries: ghostly higher-form symmetries and the descent equation

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Abstract

Viewed through the lens of the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism, we demonstrate that higher-form currents with nonzero ghost number also define higher-form symmetries, directly analogous to the standard higher-form symmetries with ghost number zero. These ghostly higher symmetries descend from and into conventional higher-form symmetries via chains of descent equations familiar from the theory of anomalies and topological field theories. We give examples of such chains of ghostly symmetries in Maxwell theory, Abelian and non-Abelian higher gauge theory, Yang-Mills theory, and beyond.
Original languageEnglish
Article number200
Number of pages49
JournalJournal of High Energy Physics (JHEP)
Issue number5
Early online date18 May 2026
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 18 May 2026

Keywords

  • Topological Field Theories
  • ’t Hooft and Polyakov loops
  • BRST Quantization
  • Wilson
  • Global Symmetries

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